The International Organisation for Migration (IOM) recorded 8 938 deaths on migration routes worldwide, in 2024, setting a grim record. This figure marks a concerning trend, with an increase in the death toll every year for the past five years. Africa’s data stands out in this tragedy, with 2,242 deaths, making it one of the most affected regions.

These tragedies in Africa highlight the dangers faced by migrants. The perilous journeys, particularly those involving maritime routes to Europe, such as in the Mediterranean, remain critical. Although the Mediterranean region recorded 2,452 deaths in 2024 according to IOM data, this is not the highest annual total ever recorded. Nevertheless, it underscores the urgent need to strengthen search and rescue operations while offering safer alternatives to current routes.

Beyond physical risks, violence remains a major cause of migrant deaths, particularly in Africa and Asia. Since 2022, at least 10% of global migrant deaths have been attributed to acts of violence. The 2024 data show that South and Southeast Asia recorded nearly 600 violence-related deaths, highlighting similar situations encountered in certain African contexts.

The lack of official data on deaths exacerbates the crisis. Many lost lives remain undocumented and unidentified, depriving families of answers and hope. According to IOM, this lack of information hinders necessary actions to reduce risks and prevent further tragedies.

In response to this situation, IOM calls for international cooperation. The objective is clear: develop safe and legal migration routes, strengthen rescue systems, and ensure that interventions are tailored to the needs of migrants. These measures are essential in order to mitigate the crisis and to offer a glimmer of hope to those seeking a better life.

The upcoming annual report of the Missing Migrants project will analyse these data and the circumstances surrounding migrant deaths in detail, while exploring potential responses. It is imperative that the global community acts swiftly to turn these figures into a humanitarian mobilization and prevent further tragic loss of lives. Africa, heavily impacted, must be at the heart of this collective response.